WHAT FFA-s were used that stimulated insulin secretion? Were they specified in this paper? Other researchers have reported Omega 6 fatty acids causing insulin resistance due to an effect on insulin receptors if they are incorporated into the cell membrane and then become oxidized, causing abnormal function of the receptors. Also, dietary Omega 6 FFA's tend to be pro-inflammatory which would increase the ROS and oxidative stress. This model does not appear to account for eventual lower levels of insulin release by beta cells in long-term diabetics. Another hypothesis that explains failure of beta cells to continue secreting insulin is the spillover of fat production in the liver from chronic overconsumption of fructose that first contributes to fatty liver and liver insulin resistance, then fatty pancreas and suppressed beta cells after fat accumulation reaches a certain point. Liver insulin resistance triggers gluconeogenesis, keeping blood sugar high and increasing insulin resistance in muscles and finally in adipose tissue. On another note, insulin resistance os NOT for preventing hypoglycemia, but rather to protect the cells from the entry of too much toxic (and glycating) levels of glucose. The cells must be protected from excessive glucose at all costs to prevent damaging them! Hence the main reason for the insulin resistance. Diabetes is a problem of dietary carbohydrate OVERLOAD, not so much of hyperinsulinemia & insulin resistance. Dietary overconsumption of carbohydrates, consumption of fructose to stimulate visceral fat deposits in the liver and pancreas, AND too‐frequent consumption of carbs that keeps repeatedly spiking blood glucose and then serum insulin, all contribute to the problem. The biggest culprets: frequent consumption of fructose, carbs in general, and Omega 6 fatty acids. Other substances such as covered in this video that raise ROS apparently also contribute, but may be secondary or tertiary to the sugar/carb factor.

This was very interesting, thank you for this fresh look at IDDM and obesity