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Diabetic Tissue Damage (Managing Type II Diabetes Mellitus - Part 4. Webinar)

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In this session Dr. Mobeen discusses how chronically elevated blood glucose levels cause tissue damage.

Following pathological mechanisms are discussed:

  • Non-enzymatic glycosylation or glycation.
    • Advanced glycation end products (AGE) are discussed.
    • Extracellular matrix thickening and fibrosis is discussed.
    • Tunica intima damage and the acceleration of atheroma formations is discussed.
    • Micro and macro vascular damage.
    • Neuropathies due to microvascular pathologies.
    • Activation of the inflammatory processes due to glycation is reviewed.
    • Renal tissue damage is discussed.
    • Formation of the HbA1c is discussed.
    • Albumin glycation is discussed.
  • Activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) and tissue damage due to the raised levels of the PKC.
    • Diacylglyceroal (DAG) pathway is presented.
    • Elevated glucose levels leading to increased formation of the DAG.
    • Angiogenesis/Neovascularization due to the eleveated DAG. This leads to retinal pathologies.
    • Tumor growth factor beta (TGF-beta) levels increased leading to increased formation of the extracellular matrix. This in turn leads to the thickening of the skin and other tissues.
  • Polyol pathway acceleration and osmotic damage due to sorbitol accumulation in various tissues.
    • Sorbitol accumulation.
    • Increased working of the polyol pathway allows reactive oxygen species to accumulate and cause damage.
    • Myeline sheath pathologies due to the osmotic damage.

In this webinar Dr. Mobeen will discuss:

1. The fate of glucose (hyperglycaemia) in the human body. (recap) (00:38)

2. Mechanism of damage in Diabetes mellitus. (3:08)

3. Glycation mechanism of tissue damage. (6:00)

4. Hyperglycaemia and advanced glycation end product (AGE). (7:51)  

5. AGE and vascular dysfunction. (11:05)

6. Renal dysfunction due to chronic hyperglycaemia. (18:13)

7. PKC activation related tissue damage. (22:44)

8. Polyol pathway acceleration. (29:23)

9. Concept behind autonomic dysfunction in diabetes. (35:56)

Presented by Dr. Mobeen Syed

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