Today we will discuss the first part of the Naloxone and Naltrexone topics. Naloxone and Naltrexone are synthetic modifications to oxymorphone. Which in turn is derived from morphine. Both naloxone and naltrexone are non-selective, competitive antagonists of the opioid receptors. Their affinity is variable for various types of receptors though. Naloxone is approved for over-the-counter opioid overdose prevention or reversal. It is available in the form of a nasal spray and intravenous preparation. Naltrexone on the other hand is prescription medicine for alcohol and opioid use disorders.

The following points will be discussed (objectives):
Opioid Overdose Management (FDA, DEA, and More)
What are Naloxone and Naltrexone?
Pharmacological properties.
Effects in the absence of opioid agonists.
Effects in the presence of opioid agonists.
Effects in opioid-dependent patients.
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME)

FDA Approves First Over-the-Counter Naloxone Nasal Spray | FDA
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-over-counter-naloxone-nasal-spray

Save Lives | DEA.gov
https://www.dea.gov/onepill/save-lives#:~:text=Naloxone%20is%20a%20medicine%20that,because%20of%20an%20opioid%20overdose.

Naloxone vs. Naltrexone: How These Opioid Blockers Differ - GoodRx
https://www.goodrx.com/conditions/opioid-use-disorder/naloxone-vs-naltrexone

Naloxone - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naloxone

Naltrexone - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naltrexone

Structures of morphine, oxymorphone buprenorphine, naloxone and... | Download Scientific Diagram
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Structures-of-morphine-oxymorphone-buprenorphine-naloxone-and-naltrexone-Message_fig1_274901620

Reversal of opioid overdose syndrome in morphine-dependent rats using buprenorphine - ScienceDirect
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378427414015148#:~:text=The%20overshoot%20phenomenon%20may%20result,Olsen%2C%202011%2C%20Hassanian%2DMoghaddam

Basic opioid pharmacology: an update - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590096/

Fentanyl - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459275/

Frequently Asked Questions for NARCAN® Nasal Spray
https://narcan.com/frequently-asked-questions

Narcan (naloxone): Dosage, uses, side effects, and more
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/narcan#side-effects